Learn on PengiVocabulary from Classical Roots (Book C)Chapter 3: Feelings (Lesson 5-6)

Lesson 6: Feelings

In this Grade 5 lesson from Vocabulary from Classical Roots Book C, students learn vocabulary words rooted in the Greek stems pathos, miso, and dys, including antipathy, apathy, empathy, pathological, misogamy, misogyny, dysentery, and dyslexia. Students explore how these classical roots convey meanings related to suffering, hatred, and difficulty, and apply the words through fill-in-the-blank exercises using context clues. The lesson builds both word knowledge and root-recognition skills as part of Chapter 3's focus on words expressing feelings and emotional states.

Section 1

Feelings and Suffering (PATHOS)

These words all relate to feelings—or a lack thereof—and are built on the Greek root PATHOS, meaning “suffering” or “feeling.”

Key Words

WordDefinition
antipathyn. a deep-seated feeling of dislike; aversion.
apathyn. lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern.
empathyn. the ability to understand and share the feelings of another.
pathologicaladj. relating to or caused by a physical or mental disease; compulsive or obsessive.
pathosn. a quality that evokes pity or sadness.

📝Example Usage

  • His natural antipathy toward authority figures often made it difficult for him to follow strict corporate protocols.
  • The company’s stagnation was largely blamed on the leadership’s apathy toward adopting new technologies.
  • Designing a successful tutoring platform requires a great deal of empathy for the struggles students face.
  • The patient’s pathological need for neatness was a symptom of a deeper underlying condition.
  • The final scene of the play was full of pathos, leaving the audience in complete silence as the curtain fell.

🧠Memory Trick

  • His pathological antipathy for crowds led to complete apathy about social events, but he felt great empathy for the lonely character whose story was filled with pathos.

Section 2

To Hate (MISO, MISEIN)

Stemming from the Greek root MISO or MISEIN, meaning “to hate,” these words describe a strong dislike for specific things.

Key Words

WordDefinition
misogamyn. the hatred of or opposition to marriage.
misogynyn. dislike of, contempt for, or ingrained prejudice against women.

📝Example Usage

  • The book criticized the historical misogyny that prevented women from owning property.
  • He claimed to be a firm believer in misogamy, arguing that marriage was an outdated institution.

Section 3

Faulty or Bad (DYS)

The Greek prefix DYS signals that something is “diseased,” “difficult,” or “bad,” as seen in these two medical and learning-related terms.

Key Words

WordDefinition
dysenteryn. an infection of the intestines resulting in severe diarrhea with the presence of blood and mucus in the feces.
dyslexian. a general term for disorders that involve difficulty in learning to read or interpret words, letters, and other symbols, but that do not affect general intelligence.

📝Example Usage

  • After drinking contaminated water on his trip, he suffered from a severe case of dysentery.
  • She gets extra time on tests to accommodate her dyslexia, which makes reading and processing text more challenging.

Section 4

To Desire (CUPIO, CUPERE)

These words come from the Latin root CUPIO, meaning “to desire,” and they both describe a strong wanting for something.

Key Words

WordDefinition
covetv. yearn to possess or have (something, especially something belonging to another).
cupidityn. greed for money or possessions.

📝Example Usage

  • I try not to covet my sister’s new phone, but I can't help admiring it.
  • The dragon's cupidity led it to hoard a mountain of gold it could never spend.

Section 5

To Please or Soothe (PLACEO, PLACO)

Derived from the Latin roots PLACEO (“to please”) and PLACO (“to soothe”), these words all involve states of calmness or the act of calming.

Key Words

WordDefinition
complacentadj. showing smug or uncritical satisfaction with oneself or one's achievements.
implacableadj. unable to be placated; relentless; unstoppable.
placatev. to make (someone) less angry or hostile.
placidadj. (of a person or animal) not easily upset or excited; (of a place) calm and peaceful.

📝Example Usage

  • The mediator's job was to placate the angry union members and find a compromise.
  • After winning ten games in a row, the team became complacent and lost to a weaker opponent.
  • Despite our apologies, my grandfather was implacable and refused to forgive us for scratching his car.
  • She was a placid child who rarely cried.

Book overview

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Chapter 3: Feelings (Lesson 5-6)

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    Lesson 5: Feelings

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    Lesson 6: Feelings

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Section 1

Feelings and Suffering (PATHOS)

These words all relate to feelings—or a lack thereof—and are built on the Greek root PATHOS, meaning “suffering” or “feeling.”

Key Words

WordDefinition
antipathyn. a deep-seated feeling of dislike; aversion.
apathyn. lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern.
empathyn. the ability to understand and share the feelings of another.
pathologicaladj. relating to or caused by a physical or mental disease; compulsive or obsessive.
pathosn. a quality that evokes pity or sadness.

📝Example Usage

  • His natural antipathy toward authority figures often made it difficult for him to follow strict corporate protocols.
  • The company’s stagnation was largely blamed on the leadership’s apathy toward adopting new technologies.
  • Designing a successful tutoring platform requires a great deal of empathy for the struggles students face.
  • The patient’s pathological need for neatness was a symptom of a deeper underlying condition.
  • The final scene of the play was full of pathos, leaving the audience in complete silence as the curtain fell.

🧠Memory Trick

  • His pathological antipathy for crowds led to complete apathy about social events, but he felt great empathy for the lonely character whose story was filled with pathos.

Section 2

To Hate (MISO, MISEIN)

Stemming from the Greek root MISO or MISEIN, meaning “to hate,” these words describe a strong dislike for specific things.

Key Words

WordDefinition
misogamyn. the hatred of or opposition to marriage.
misogynyn. dislike of, contempt for, or ingrained prejudice against women.

📝Example Usage

  • The book criticized the historical misogyny that prevented women from owning property.
  • He claimed to be a firm believer in misogamy, arguing that marriage was an outdated institution.

Section 3

Faulty or Bad (DYS)

The Greek prefix DYS signals that something is “diseased,” “difficult,” or “bad,” as seen in these two medical and learning-related terms.

Key Words

WordDefinition
dysenteryn. an infection of the intestines resulting in severe diarrhea with the presence of blood and mucus in the feces.
dyslexian. a general term for disorders that involve difficulty in learning to read or interpret words, letters, and other symbols, but that do not affect general intelligence.

📝Example Usage

  • After drinking contaminated water on his trip, he suffered from a severe case of dysentery.
  • She gets extra time on tests to accommodate her dyslexia, which makes reading and processing text more challenging.

Section 4

To Desire (CUPIO, CUPERE)

These words come from the Latin root CUPIO, meaning “to desire,” and they both describe a strong wanting for something.

Key Words

WordDefinition
covetv. yearn to possess or have (something, especially something belonging to another).
cupidityn. greed for money or possessions.

📝Example Usage

  • I try not to covet my sister’s new phone, but I can't help admiring it.
  • The dragon's cupidity led it to hoard a mountain of gold it could never spend.

Section 5

To Please or Soothe (PLACEO, PLACO)

Derived from the Latin roots PLACEO (“to please”) and PLACO (“to soothe”), these words all involve states of calmness or the act of calming.

Key Words

WordDefinition
complacentadj. showing smug or uncritical satisfaction with oneself or one's achievements.
implacableadj. unable to be placated; relentless; unstoppable.
placatev. to make (someone) less angry or hostile.
placidadj. (of a person or animal) not easily upset or excited; (of a place) calm and peaceful.

📝Example Usage

  • The mediator's job was to placate the angry union members and find a compromise.
  • After winning ten games in a row, the team became complacent and lost to a weaker opponent.
  • Despite our apologies, my grandfather was implacable and refused to forgive us for scratching his car.
  • She was a placid child who rarely cried.

Book overview

Jump across lessons in the current chapter without opening the full course modal.

Continue this chapter

Chapter 3: Feelings (Lesson 5-6)

  1. Lesson 1

    Lesson 5: Feelings

  2. Lesson 2Current

    Lesson 6: Feelings