Learn on PengiVocabulary from Classical Roots (Book A)Chapter 7: Sports (Lesson 13-14)

Lesson 14: Sports

In this Grade 4 lesson from Vocabulary from Classical Roots Book A, students learn ten vocabulary words — including assail, resilient, salient, valor, and evolve — derived from three Latin roots meaning "to jump," "to be strong," and "to revolve." The lesson connects word meanings to their classical origins, helping students understand how roots like salio, valeo, and volvo appear across related English words. Practice exercises from Chapter 7's sports-themed unit reinforce correct usage in context.

Section 1

The Root of Leaping: SALIO, SALIRE

Get ready to jump! The words in this group come from the Latin root SALIO, meaning 'to jump' or 'to leap.' They describe everything from physical attacks to emotional highs.

Key Words

WordDefinition
assail (v.)To attack violently; to assault.
desultory (adj.)1. Jumping from one thing to another; rambling. 2. Haphazard or random.
exult (v.)To rejoice greatly; to be triumphant.
resilient (adj.)1. Capable of returning to the original shape after being bent or stretched. 2. Buoyant; recovering quickly from illness, change, or misfortune.
salient (adj.)1. Conspicuous; striking. 2. Projecting up or out.

📝Example Usage

  • The rubber ball was highly resilient and bounced right back to its original shape.
  • Her most salient feature was her bright green eyes.

Section 2

The Root of Strength: VALEO, VALERE

Time to get strong! These words are built on the Latin root VALEO, 'to be strong.' They relate to strength, health, courage, and being useful.

Key Words

WordDefinition
convalescence (n.)To recover health after illness.
avail (v.)To use to one's own advantage (to avail oneself of).
prevalent (adj.)Widely occurring or in general use.
valor (n.)Heroic courage; bravery.

📝Example Usage

  • The firefighter was given an award for the valor she showed saving the family from the fire.
  • He decided to avail himself of the library's resources to study for the exam.

Section 3

The Root of Revolving: VOLVO, VOLVERE

Let's roll with it! These words come from the Latin root VOLVO, meaning 'to revolve,' and they describe things that turn, change, or flow.

Key Words

WordDefinition
evolve (v.)1. To develop gradually. 2. To change from a simpler to a more complex form of animal or plant life.
voluble (adj.)Speaking in a ready, easy flow of words; talkative; glib.

📝Example Usage

  • My tour guide was incredibly voluble, sharing interesting facts for the entire three-hour walk.
  • The small startup began to evolve into a major international company.

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Chapter 7: Sports (Lesson 13-14)

  1. Lesson 1

    Lesson 13: Sports

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    Lesson 14: Sports

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Section 1

The Root of Leaping: SALIO, SALIRE

Get ready to jump! The words in this group come from the Latin root SALIO, meaning 'to jump' or 'to leap.' They describe everything from physical attacks to emotional highs.

Key Words

WordDefinition
assail (v.)To attack violently; to assault.
desultory (adj.)1. Jumping from one thing to another; rambling. 2. Haphazard or random.
exult (v.)To rejoice greatly; to be triumphant.
resilient (adj.)1. Capable of returning to the original shape after being bent or stretched. 2. Buoyant; recovering quickly from illness, change, or misfortune.
salient (adj.)1. Conspicuous; striking. 2. Projecting up or out.

📝Example Usage

  • The rubber ball was highly resilient and bounced right back to its original shape.
  • Her most salient feature was her bright green eyes.

Section 2

The Root of Strength: VALEO, VALERE

Time to get strong! These words are built on the Latin root VALEO, 'to be strong.' They relate to strength, health, courage, and being useful.

Key Words

WordDefinition
convalescence (n.)To recover health after illness.
avail (v.)To use to one's own advantage (to avail oneself of).
prevalent (adj.)Widely occurring or in general use.
valor (n.)Heroic courage; bravery.

📝Example Usage

  • The firefighter was given an award for the valor she showed saving the family from the fire.
  • He decided to avail himself of the library's resources to study for the exam.

Section 3

The Root of Revolving: VOLVO, VOLVERE

Let's roll with it! These words come from the Latin root VOLVO, meaning 'to revolve,' and they describe things that turn, change, or flow.

Key Words

WordDefinition
evolve (v.)1. To develop gradually. 2. To change from a simpler to a more complex form of animal or plant life.
voluble (adj.)Speaking in a ready, easy flow of words; talkative; glib.

📝Example Usage

  • My tour guide was incredibly voluble, sharing interesting facts for the entire three-hour walk.
  • The small startup began to evolve into a major international company.

Book overview

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Chapter 7: Sports (Lesson 13-14)

  1. Lesson 1

    Lesson 13: Sports

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    Lesson 14: Sports

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