Lesson 4: Life in Colonial Williamsburg

Key Idea

In colonial Williamsburg, a person’s education depended on their race and gender. Wealthy White boys could receive a formal schooling at places like the College of William and Mary. They studied subjects that would prepare them to become leaders.

White girls had different paths. Most learned practical skills at home, like sewing and managing a household. Some girls attended small "dame schools" to learn basic reading and writing, but they were not expected to go to college.

Key Idea

In colonial Williamsburg, many White colonists worked in skilled trades. A boy could become an apprentice to a master craftsman, like a blacksmith or a printer. After years of training, he could earn wages as a journeyman and one day open his own shop. This system was a path to learn a skill and earn a living.

However, about half the people in Williamsburg were enslaved African Americans. Their work was forced and unpaid. They labored on large farms called plantations and also in the town's homes and workshops. Unlike apprentices, they had no choice in their work and no opportunity to become free.

Key Idea

In colonial Virginia, the King of England was the ultimate ruler. He chose a Royal Governor to lead the colony. However, White, land-owning men could vote for representatives in the House of Burgesses. This group was part of the government that helped make local laws.

These political leaders and other colonists also met in social settings. At places like the Raleigh Tavern, men gathered to discuss business and politics. It was in these taverns that important conversations about laws and even freedom from British rule began.

Key Idea

Enslaved African Americans in Williamsburg were forced to work without pay in difficult conditions. They had little freedom and faced the constant threat of being sold away from their families. This created great hardship and fear.

To survive these challenges, enslaved people built strong communities. They held onto close family bonds for support and strength, even when they were separated.