Learn on PengiAmplify Science (California) Grade 7Chapter 3: Indirect Effects in Ecosystems

Lesson 3: Trophic Cascades

Key Idea.

Section 1

The Glacier Sea Rivals

Key Idea

Analyzing the full food web reveals that Moon Jellies and Walleye Pollock are in competition. They both eat zooplankton.

This means any change to the Pollock population will indirectly affect the Jellies by altering the availability of their shared food.

Section 2

The Cascade Effect

Key Idea

Evidence shows the Walleye Pollock population collapsed. This is a trophic cascade.

With fewer Pollock eating zooplankton, the zooplankton population increased. This surplus of food allowed the Moon Jellies to reproduce more. Thus, the decline of a competitor indirectly caused the jelly explosion.

Book overview

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Chapter 3: Indirect Effects in Ecosystems

  1. Lesson 1

    Lesson 1: Indirect Effects

  2. Lesson 2

    Lesson 2: Competition

  3. Lesson 3Current

    Lesson 3: Trophic Cascades

Lesson overview

Expand to review the lesson summary and core properties.

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Section 1

The Glacier Sea Rivals

Key Idea

Analyzing the full food web reveals that Moon Jellies and Walleye Pollock are in competition. They both eat zooplankton.

This means any change to the Pollock population will indirectly affect the Jellies by altering the availability of their shared food.

Section 2

The Cascade Effect

Key Idea

Evidence shows the Walleye Pollock population collapsed. This is a trophic cascade.

With fewer Pollock eating zooplankton, the zooplankton population increased. This surplus of food allowed the Moon Jellies to reproduce more. Thus, the decline of a competitor indirectly caused the jelly explosion.

Book overview

Jump across lessons in the current chapter without opening the full course modal.

Continue this chapter

Chapter 3: Indirect Effects in Ecosystems

  1. Lesson 1

    Lesson 1: Indirect Effects

  2. Lesson 2

    Lesson 2: Competition

  3. Lesson 3Current

    Lesson 3: Trophic Cascades