In this Grade 5 lesson from Pengi Math Chapter 1, students learn how to multiply and divide whole numbers by powers of 10 by shifting digits left or right on a place value chart. They explore why multiplying by 10^n moves digits n places to the left and dividing moves them n places to the right, using base-ten place value structure to explain the reasoning. Students practice using place value charts to justify their calculations and build a conceptual understanding of how digit position determines value.
Section 1
Applying Digit Shift Patterns for 10, 100, 1000
When multiplying by a power of 10, every digit shifts to the left. The number of places shifted is equal to the number of zeros in the power of 10.
When dividing by a power of 10, every digit shifts to the right. The number of places shifted is equal to the number of zeros in the power of 10.
Section 2
Multiplying and Dividing Numbers by Powers of 10
To multiply by a power of 10, move the decimal point to the right.
To divide by a power of 10, move the decimal point to the left.
When multiplying a number by a power of 10, such as , you move the decimal point places to the right. When dividing a number by a power of 10, you move the decimal point places to the left. The exponent tells you exactly how many places to shift the decimal. You may need to add placeholder zeros if there are not enough digits.
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Section 1
Applying Digit Shift Patterns for 10, 100, 1000
When multiplying by a power of 10, every digit shifts to the left. The number of places shifted is equal to the number of zeros in the power of 10.
When dividing by a power of 10, every digit shifts to the right. The number of places shifted is equal to the number of zeros in the power of 10.
Section 2
Multiplying and Dividing Numbers by Powers of 10
To multiply by a power of 10, move the decimal point to the right.
To divide by a power of 10, move the decimal point to the left.
When multiplying a number by a power of 10, such as , you move the decimal point places to the right. When dividing a number by a power of 10, you move the decimal point places to the left. The exponent tells you exactly how many places to shift the decimal. You may need to add placeholder zeros if there are not enough digits.
Book overview
Jump across lessons in the current chapter without opening the full course modal.
Continue this chapter