Learn on PengiThe Art of Problem Solving: Prealgebra (AMC 8)Chapter 10: Angles

Lesson 2: Parallel Lines

In this Grade 4 lesson from The Art of Problem Solving: Prealgebra (AMC 8), students explore parallel lines and the angle relationships formed when a transversal crosses them. Learners discover that the eight angles created fall into two groups of four equal angles, where each angle in one group is supplementary to each angle in the other, and apply this to find unknown angle measures. The lesson also introduces the problem-solving technique of adding an auxiliary parallel line to diagrams in order to solve multi-step geometry problems.

Section 1

Definition of Parallel Lines

Property

Two lines are parallel if and only if they never intersect, no matter how far they are extended. Parallel lines are always the same distance apart and run in exactly the same direction.

Examples

Section 2

Parallel Lines and Transversals

Property

If two lines are parallel, and a third line (a transversal) cuts across both, then corresponding angles at the points of intersection have the same measure. The translation that moves the intersection point on the first line to the intersection point on the second line will also map the first line onto the second, showing the angles are congruent.

Conversely, if a transversal cuts across two lines such that the corresponding angles are equal, then the two lines are parallel.

Examples

  • Lines mm and nn are parallel and cut by transversal tt. If an upper-left angle at the first intersection is 125125^\circ, the upper-left angle at the second intersection is also 125125^\circ.

Book overview

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Chapter 10: Angles

  1. Lesson 1

    Lesson 1: Measuring Angles

  2. Lesson 2Current

    Lesson 2: Parallel Lines

  3. Lesson 3

    Lesson 3: Angles in Polygons

Lesson overview

Expand to review the lesson summary and core properties.

Expand

Section 1

Definition of Parallel Lines

Property

Two lines are parallel if and only if they never intersect, no matter how far they are extended. Parallel lines are always the same distance apart and run in exactly the same direction.

Examples

Section 2

Parallel Lines and Transversals

Property

If two lines are parallel, and a third line (a transversal) cuts across both, then corresponding angles at the points of intersection have the same measure. The translation that moves the intersection point on the first line to the intersection point on the second line will also map the first line onto the second, showing the angles are congruent.

Conversely, if a transversal cuts across two lines such that the corresponding angles are equal, then the two lines are parallel.

Examples

  • Lines mm and nn are parallel and cut by transversal tt. If an upper-left angle at the first intersection is 125125^\circ, the upper-left angle at the second intersection is also 125125^\circ.

Book overview

Jump across lessons in the current chapter without opening the full course modal.

Continue this chapter

Chapter 10: Angles

  1. Lesson 1

    Lesson 1: Measuring Angles

  2. Lesson 2Current

    Lesson 2: Parallel Lines

  3. Lesson 3

    Lesson 3: Angles in Polygons