Lesson 1: Anglo-Saxon Prefixes

Let's get started with words that use the prefix a- to show a state or position, like being 'on' or 'in' something. Notice how they often act as adverbs or adjectives!

Key Words

Example Usage

• "All passengers, please come aboard!" the captain announced as the ferry prepared to leave.
• By cheating on the test, the student ran afoul of the school's honor code.
• Instead of being aloof, she joined the group discussion and shared her ideas; her shyness was amiss.
• The powerful earthquake split the building asunder.

Now for the prefix with-, which is all about opposition. These words involve going 'against' something or pulling 'back' from it.

Key Words

Example Usage

• After realizing he made a mistake, the politician decided to withdraw his controversial statement.
• The ancient fortress was built with thick stone walls to withstand any siege.
• Notwithstanding the pouring rain, the team decided to play the championship game.

The prefix be- is a versatile one! Our first look at it shows how it can mean 'all around' or 'thoroughly,' intensifying the action of a verb.

Key Words

Example Usage

• From the moment he took office, the new mayor was beset with challenges from every direction.
• The small boat was beset by giant waves during the storm.

Here's another job for be-: it can mean to 'affect with' or 'cover with' a certain quality or substance.

Key Words

Example Usage

• After working on the car engine all day, the mechanic's hands were begrimed with grease and oil.
• The documentary shed light on the struggles of people living in a benighted community without access to education or modern technology.

Finally, be- can be a 'causer,' turning an adjective into a verb that means 'to cause to be' something.

Key Words

Example Usage

• A good coach builds players up and should never belittle the efforts of their team members, even if the results aren't perfect.
• He tended to belittle his younger brother's achievements, making him feel unimportant.