Learn on PengiVocabulary from Latin and Greek Roots, Level IXUnit 1 ~ Unit 4

Ch 1.3: Unit 3

Let's start with words from the Latin root HABERE, HABITUM, meaning "to have, hold." These words are all about preventing or hindering action. Key Words | Word | Definition | | | | | PROHIBIT (v.) | To stop one from doing something; prevent | | INHIBIT (v.) | To get in the way of; hinder |.

Section 1

Root: HIB

Let's start with words from the Latin root HABERE, HABITUM, meaning "to have, hold." These words are all about preventing or hindering action.

Key Words

WordDefinition
PROHIBIT (v.)To stop one from doing something; prevent
INHIBIT (v.)To get in the way of; hinder

Example Usage

  • Because the park rules prohibit campfires, we decided to bring sandwiches instead.
  • The runner worried that his recent injury would inhibit his performance in the marathon.

Section 2

Root: FUS

Now for words from the Latin root FUNDERE, FUSUM, which means "to pour out." Think about how these words relate to filling, spreading, or mixing things up.

Key Words

WordDefinition
SUFFUSE (v.)To fill up from within; to spread throughout
CONFOUND (v.)To confuse and frustrate
INFUSE (v.)To inject; to fill something or someone with

Example Usage

  • As the sun set, a warm, golden light began to suffuse the entire valley.
  • The coach's passionate speech managed to infuse the losing team with a renewed sense of determination.

Section 3

Root: TEN

This group of words comes from the Latin root TENERE, TENTUM, meaning "to hold." See how each word connects to the idea of holding on, holding back, or supporting.

Key Words

WordDefinition
SUSTAIN (v.)To support for an extended period of time
ABSTAIN (v.)To not do something; refrain
TENACIOUS (adj.)Stubbornly persistent; determined
RETINUE (n.)A group that attends an important person

Example Usage

  • I was amazed that the small shelf could sustain the weight of all those heavy books.
  • Thanks to the tenacious efforts of the volunteers, the animal shelter was saved from closing.
  • The celebrity always traveled with a large retinue of assistants and security guards.

Section 4

Root: PLE

Our final group comes from the Latin root PLEO, PLETUM, meaning "to fill." These words deal with filling things up, putting plans into action, or using things up.

Key Words

WordDefinition
REPLETE (adj.)Filled up with
IMPLEMENT (v.)To put into action; execute
DEPLETE (v.)To use up; waste

Example Usage

  • The treasure chest was replete with gold coins and sparkling jewels.
  • Our scout leader warned us not to deplete our water supply on the first day of the hike.

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Section 1

Root: HIB

Let's start with words from the Latin root HABERE, HABITUM, meaning "to have, hold." These words are all about preventing or hindering action.

Key Words

WordDefinition
PROHIBIT (v.)To stop one from doing something; prevent
INHIBIT (v.)To get in the way of; hinder

Example Usage

  • Because the park rules prohibit campfires, we decided to bring sandwiches instead.
  • The runner worried that his recent injury would inhibit his performance in the marathon.

Section 2

Root: FUS

Now for words from the Latin root FUNDERE, FUSUM, which means "to pour out." Think about how these words relate to filling, spreading, or mixing things up.

Key Words

WordDefinition
SUFFUSE (v.)To fill up from within; to spread throughout
CONFOUND (v.)To confuse and frustrate
INFUSE (v.)To inject; to fill something or someone with

Example Usage

  • As the sun set, a warm, golden light began to suffuse the entire valley.
  • The coach's passionate speech managed to infuse the losing team with a renewed sense of determination.

Section 3

Root: TEN

This group of words comes from the Latin root TENERE, TENTUM, meaning "to hold." See how each word connects to the idea of holding on, holding back, or supporting.

Key Words

WordDefinition
SUSTAIN (v.)To support for an extended period of time
ABSTAIN (v.)To not do something; refrain
TENACIOUS (adj.)Stubbornly persistent; determined
RETINUE (n.)A group that attends an important person

Example Usage

  • I was amazed that the small shelf could sustain the weight of all those heavy books.
  • Thanks to the tenacious efforts of the volunteers, the animal shelter was saved from closing.
  • The celebrity always traveled with a large retinue of assistants and security guards.

Section 4

Root: PLE

Our final group comes from the Latin root PLEO, PLETUM, meaning "to fill." These words deal with filling things up, putting plans into action, or using things up.

Key Words

WordDefinition
REPLETE (adj.)Filled up with
IMPLEMENT (v.)To put into action; execute
DEPLETE (v.)To use up; waste

Example Usage

  • The treasure chest was replete with gold coins and sparkling jewels.
  • Our scout leader warned us not to deplete our water supply on the first day of the hike.

Book overview

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Unit 1 ~ Unit 4

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    Ch 1.1: Unit 1

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  2. Lesson 2

    Ch 1.2: Unit 2

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  3. Lesson 3Current

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  4. Lesson 4

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