Learn on PengiVocabulary from Latin and Greek Roots, Level XIUnit 1 ~ Unit 3

Ch 1.2: Unit 2

These words are built on the Latin root stare or stantum , meaning 'stand' or 'stay'. Key Words | Word | Definition | | : | : | | stanch (v.) | To stop the flow of | | staunch (adj.) | Firm and steadfast | | extant (adj.) | Still in existence; not destroyed | | restive (adj.) | 1. Resisting authority; difficult to control<br 2. Restless; fidgety |.

Section 1

Root: sta, sti — stand, stay

These words are built on the Latin root stare or stantum, meaning 'stand' or 'stay'.

Key Words

WordDefinition
stanch (v.)To stop the flow of
staunch (adj.)Firm and steadfast
extant (adj.)Still in existence; not destroyed
restive (adj.)1. Resisting authority; difficult to control<br>2. Restless; fidgety

Example Usage

  • The first-aid instructor showed us how to stanch a wound using a clean cloth and direct pressure.
  • The students became restive during the long assembly, whispering and shifting in their seats.

Word Spark

  • staunch: Think of a loyal dog who stays by your side, no matter who comes to the door.
  • extant: Like discovering an old, forgotten photograph of your great-grandparents in an attic trunk.

Section 2

Root: pos — to put, place

This group of words comes from the Latin root ponere or positum, which means 'to put' or 'place'.

Key Words

WordDefinition
apropos (prep.)With regard to
depose (v.)To remove from office or power

Example Usage

  • Apropos of our discussion on travel, I just booked a flight to Italy for next summer.
  • The citizens' movement grew strong enough to depose the corrupt mayor from his position.

Word Spark

  • depose: Imagine a student council voting to remove their president for not keeping any promises.
  • apropos: Like when your friend starts talking about pizza right as a pizza commercial comes on TV.

Section 3

Root: stas, stat — standing

Let's explore words from the Greek root statos, meaning 'standing'.

Key Words

WordDefinition
static (adj.)Having no motion or change
ecstasy (n.)Intense joy or delight
stasis (n.)Condition in which there is no change

Example Usage

  • His character felt static because he didn't learn or grow throughout the entire movie.
  • The winner of the lottery was in a state of pure ecstasy, jumping and shouting with joy.
  • After the initial chaos, the situation in the town reached a temporary stasis.

Word Spark

  • ecstasy: The feeling you get on a roller coaster's first big drop, screaming with delight.
  • static: Think of an old painting in a museum that has looked the exact same for centuries.

Section 4

Root: ent, ess — to be

These words share the Latin root esse, meaning 'to be'.

Key Words

WordDefinition
entity (n.)a being
essence (n.)The most important ingredient; the crucial element
quintessential (adj.)The most typical, ideal, or important

Example Usage

  • While a team is made of individuals, it functions as a single entity during a game.
  • Kindness is the essence of her character; it defines everything she does.
  • A cozy fireplace and a good book are the quintessential elements of a perfect winter evening.

Word Spark

  • essence: Think of the smell of cinnamon and sugar that instantly makes you think of fresh cookies.
  • quintessential: Like a juicy cheeseburger and fries being the perfect example of American fast food.

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Unit 1 ~ Unit 3

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Section 1

Root: sta, sti — stand, stay

These words are built on the Latin root stare or stantum, meaning 'stand' or 'stay'.

Key Words

WordDefinition
stanch (v.)To stop the flow of
staunch (adj.)Firm and steadfast
extant (adj.)Still in existence; not destroyed
restive (adj.)1. Resisting authority; difficult to control<br>2. Restless; fidgety

Example Usage

  • The first-aid instructor showed us how to stanch a wound using a clean cloth and direct pressure.
  • The students became restive during the long assembly, whispering and shifting in their seats.

Word Spark

  • staunch: Think of a loyal dog who stays by your side, no matter who comes to the door.
  • extant: Like discovering an old, forgotten photograph of your great-grandparents in an attic trunk.

Section 2

Root: pos — to put, place

This group of words comes from the Latin root ponere or positum, which means 'to put' or 'place'.

Key Words

WordDefinition
apropos (prep.)With regard to
depose (v.)To remove from office or power

Example Usage

  • Apropos of our discussion on travel, I just booked a flight to Italy for next summer.
  • The citizens' movement grew strong enough to depose the corrupt mayor from his position.

Word Spark

  • depose: Imagine a student council voting to remove their president for not keeping any promises.
  • apropos: Like when your friend starts talking about pizza right as a pizza commercial comes on TV.

Section 3

Root: stas, stat — standing

Let's explore words from the Greek root statos, meaning 'standing'.

Key Words

WordDefinition
static (adj.)Having no motion or change
ecstasy (n.)Intense joy or delight
stasis (n.)Condition in which there is no change

Example Usage

  • His character felt static because he didn't learn or grow throughout the entire movie.
  • The winner of the lottery was in a state of pure ecstasy, jumping and shouting with joy.
  • After the initial chaos, the situation in the town reached a temporary stasis.

Word Spark

  • ecstasy: The feeling you get on a roller coaster's first big drop, screaming with delight.
  • static: Think of an old painting in a museum that has looked the exact same for centuries.

Section 4

Root: ent, ess — to be

These words share the Latin root esse, meaning 'to be'.

Key Words

WordDefinition
entity (n.)a being
essence (n.)The most important ingredient; the crucial element
quintessential (adj.)The most typical, ideal, or important

Example Usage

  • While a team is made of individuals, it functions as a single entity during a game.
  • Kindness is the essence of her character; it defines everything she does.
  • A cozy fireplace and a good book are the quintessential elements of a perfect winter evening.

Word Spark

  • essence: Think of the smell of cinnamon and sugar that instantly makes you think of fresh cookies.
  • quintessential: Like a juicy cheeseburger and fries being the perfect example of American fast food.

Book overview

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Unit 1 ~ Unit 3

  1. Lesson 1

    Ch 1.1: Unit 1

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  2. Lesson 2Current

    Ch 1.2: Unit 2

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  3. Lesson 3

    Ch 1.3: Unit 3

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