1. The Supreme Court case of McCulloch v. Maryland centered on Maryland's attempt to do what?
- A. Regulate trade between states.
- B. Create its own currency.
- C. Tax the national bank.
- D. End a federal transportation project.
2. Who was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court whose rulings helped strengthen the federal government's power over the states?
- A. Henry Clay
- B. John Marshall
- C. James Monroe
- D. Daniel Webster
3. The decision in McCulloch v. Maryland confirmed that federal institutions were what?
- A. Subject to state taxes.
- B. Superior to state laws.
- C. Only temporary solutions.
- D. Controlled by the president.
4. If a ferry company was given an exclusive contract by the state of New Jersey to operate between New Jersey and New York, which Supreme Court case would be most relevant to challenging that contract?
- A. The American System
- B. The Era of Good Feelings
- C. McCulloch v. Maryland
- D. Gibbons v. Ogden
5. What was the main outcome of the major Supreme Court decisions made under Chief Justice John Marshall in the early 1800s?
- A. State governments were given final authority over the national bank.
- B. The power of the national government was increased in relation to the states.
- C. The Supreme Court's role in government was significantly weakened.
- D. Individual voting rights for all citizens were greatly expanded.
6. In the years leading up to the Civil War, what was the primary driver of the Northern economy?
- A. Large-scale farming of cash crops like tobacco
- B. Manufacturing and industry in growing urban centers
- C. Trade conducted exclusively with European nations
- D. Small family-owned fishing businesses along the coast
7. What was the foundation of the Southern economy in the decades before the Civil War?
- A. The growth of factories and mills
- B. Shipbuilding and international trade
- C. The cultivation of cash crops
- D. Mining operations in the mountains
8. Which development in transportation was most crucial for connecting Northern factories with farms in the West?
- A. The extensive use of riverboats for all shipping
- B. The construction of a large railroad network
- C. The reliance on horse-drawn wagons on dirt roads
- D. The creation of new coastal ports for clipper ships
9. As Northern cities grew around factories, which group became an important source of labor?
- A. Enslaved people brought from the South
- B. Immigrants from European countries
- C. Wealthy plantation owners seeking new jobs
- D. Farmers from the western frontier
10. What was a major social result of the different economies in the North and South?
- A. Both regions adopted very similar ways of life.
- B. The creation of unique societies with opposing values.
- C. A sharp decrease in immigration to both regions.
- D. The South began building more factories than the North.