1. In any collision between two objects, the forces they exert on one another are always equal in magnitude. What single variable is the primary reason their resulting changes in motion are often different?
- A. Their initial speeds
- B. Their mass
- C. Their surface material
- D. The duration of the impact
2. If you apply the exact same pushing force to a basketball and a bowling ball, which ball will experience a greater acceleration?
- A. The bowling ball
- B. The basketball
- C. Neither, they will accelerate at the same rate
- D. The one that was pushed first
3. A skateboarder is standing still and then pushes off a heavy brick wall to start moving backward. Which statement correctly describes the forces involved in this action?
- A. The skateboarder pushes on the wall with more force than the wall pushes on the skateboarder.
- B. The wall does not push back; the skateboarder moves because of their own effort.
- C. The skateboarder and the wall push on each other with equal and opposite force.
- D. The wall pushes on the skateboarder with more force, causing the skateboarder to move away.
4. If the force experienced by two colliding objects is always equal, what must be true for their changes in velocity to also be equal?
- A. They must have been moving at the same speed.
- B. They must be made of the same material.
- C. They must have the same mass.
- D. One object must have been stationary.
5. When a small car and a large truck collide head-on, which statement accurately describes the forces and effects experienced by each vehicle during the collision?
- A. The truck exerts a greater force on the car, causing the car to have a greater change in velocity.
- B. The forces they exert on each other are equal, but the car experiences a greater change in velocity because it has less mass.
- C. The forces are equal, which means both the car and the truck experience the same change in velocity.
- D. The car, being smaller, absorbs more of the force, leading to a greater change in its own velocity.
6. In any collision between two objects of unequal mass, which of the following is true?
- A. The more massive object experiences a greater impact force.
- B. The less massive object is subjected to a larger overall force.
- C. The forces are equal, but the effect on motion is greater for the less massive object.
- D. The forces and the changes in motion are identical for both objects involved in the collision.
7. The idea that "mass acts as the filter for force" in a collision means that an object's mass determines...
- A. the total amount of force generated during the impact.
- B. its resistance to having its motion changed by a force.
- C. if the force from the impact is an action or a reaction.
- D. the speed and direction of the force vector.
8. A small, fast-moving pebble strikes a large, stationary boulder. What is the most likely outcome?
- A. The boulder moves a large distance while the pebble stops.
- B. Both objects change their velocity by the same amount.
- C. The pebble bounces off, and the boulder barely moves.
- D. The boulder experiences a greater force than the pebble does.
9. During a collision, two objects with different masses experience an unequal change in motion. What is the primary reason for this difference?
- A. The difference in their masses.
- B. The difference in the forces they exert on each other.
- C. The difference in the duration of the impact for each object.
- D. The difference in their initial speeds before the collision.
10. A heavy bowling ball collides with a much lighter bowling pin. Which statement best explains why the pin flies backward while the ball's motion changes very little?
- A. The bowling ball applies a significantly larger force to the pin than the pin applies to the ball.
- B. The pin has less mass and therefore offers less resistance to the force, resulting in a larger change in its motion.
- C. The pin absorbs more kinetic energy from the collision than the bowling ball does.
- D. The force of the impact is entirely concentrated on the small surface area of the pin.