1. A student builds a model bridge that collapses during a weight test. According to the iterative design cycle, what is the most logical next step?
- A. Build an identical bridge, hoping for a different result.
- B. Analyze the collapse to identify design weaknesses.
- C. Abandon the project and start something completely new.
- D. Conclude that the materials are unsuitable for bridge building.
2. An engineering team is designing a new drone. After the first test flight, they find its battery life is too short. What part of the iterative design process would involve changing the battery type or reducing the drone's weight?
- A. The initial planning phase before any prototype is built.
- B. The modification step that follows analysis of test results.
- C. The final testing phase just before manufacturing.
- D. The data analysis phase where the problem is first identified.
3. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of iterative design?
- A. A chef follows a recipe exactly and serves a dish without ever tasting it.
- B. An author writes a book, publishes it, and never revises it for future editions.
- C. A car company gathers feedback on a new model to design an improved version for the following year.
- D. A construction crew builds a house strictly following a blueprint that cannot be altered once work begins.
4. What is the fundamental principle behind the iterative design process used in engineering?
- A. The process focuses on creating a single, final product without any testing.
- B. Achieving a perfect solution on the very first attempt is the primary goal.
- C. Solutions are improved through repeated cycles of building, testing, and analysis.
- D. The initial plan is the most critical part and must be followed without changes.
5. In the TsunamiAlert simulation example, engineers analyze data on missed waves and high costs. Which phase of the iterative design cycle does this activity represent?
- A. Building
- B. Analyzing
- C. Planning
- D. Testing
6. What is the primary role of seismic sensors within a tsunami warning system?
- A. To measure changes in water pressure on the deep seafloor.
- B. To detect the initial ground shaking from an underwater earthquake.
- C. To directly measure the height of a tsunami wave as it approaches the coast.
- D. To analyze the speed of ocean currents after a seismic event.
7. A coastal region wants to install a system that provides the most definitive confirmation that a tsunami is traveling across the open ocean. Which technology would best meet this need?
- A. Seismic sensors on the coastline
- B. Deep-water pressure sensors (DART buoys)
- C. Shallow-water wave gauges
- D. Acoustic hydrophones to listen for earthquakes
8. Deep-water DART buoys confirm the existence of a tsunami by detecting a change in what physical property?
- A. Water temperature
- B. Water salinity
- C. Seafloor pressure
- D. Ocean current speed
9. What is the most logical reason for using both seismic sensors and deep-water sensors in a comprehensive tsunami warning system?
- A. The seismic sensor gives a fast initial alert, and the deep-water sensor provides confirmation.
- B. This combination is the cheapest way to cover a large ocean area with redundant technology.
- C. Deep-water sensors detect the earthquake, and seismic sensors track the wave's path to the shore.
- D. Both systems measure the exact same thing, providing a necessary backup in case one of them fails.
10. What is the most significant limitation of relying solely on seismic data to issue a tsunami warning?
- A. Seismic sensors are the most expensive type of sensor to install and maintain.
- B. They provide less warning time than sensors placed closer to the coast.
- C. An earthquake's ground shaking does not guarantee that a tsunami wave has actually been formed.
- D. They can only detect earthquakes that occur on land, not those under the ocean.