1. A scatter plot relates the number of hours a child spends reading per week ($x$) to the number of words in their vocabulary ($y$). What type of association is most likely?
2. A scientist collects data on altitude above sea level ($x$) and air temperature ($y$). As altitude increases, temperature generally drops. What association does this describe?
3. A study plots individuals' IQ scores ($x$) against their house numbers ($y$). What type of association would you expect to find between these two variables?
4. If a scatter plot shows a downward trend where points generally go from the upper left to the lower right, the data has a ___ association.
5. In a scatter plot with a positive association, as the $x$-values increase, the $y$-values tend to ___.
6. In a scatter plot, a data point that notably deviates from the general pattern formed by the other points is known as what?
7. A set of data points on a scatter plot that are in close proximity to each other, indicating a similar characteristic, is known as a ___.
8. A scatter plot shows car age versus resale value. Most cars form a trend of decreasing value with age. A 50-year-old classic car with a very high value would be considered what?
9. A plot of student exam scores versus hours studied shows a positive trend. One student studied for many hours but received a very low score. This data point is best described as which of the following?
10. On a scatter plot of city populations versus area, you notice that many cities with similar populations are grouped together. What is the correct term for such a grouping?